PUBLISHER'S NOTE: For years, this Blog has has been reporting on the dangerous inherent in use of the Reid method of interrogation which has been used in criminal justice jurisdictions around the world - even as mounting scientific research demonstrated its flaws and the number of exonerations based on false confessions steadily increased. It is therefore a most significant event when Wicklander-Zulawski, which describes itself as "a world leader in interview and interrogation training services for
federal government agencies, law enforcement organizations and
corporations," announces that it will no longer offer training in the controversial method. Wicklander-Zulawski's far-reaching move will hopefully assist the numerous people convicted on the basis of false convictions obtained through use of the Reid method who have not yet been exonerated - and will open the door to less confrontation and thereby less risky interrogation methods. John E. Reid and Associates have marketed there interrogation materials aggressively over the years. It will be interesting to see how the company responds to Wicklander-Zulawski's staggering release.
Harold Levy: Publisher; The Charles Smith Blog;
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RELEASE: Wicklander-Zulawski discontinues Reid Method instruction after more than thirty years, released by the company on March 6, 2017
QUOTE OF THE DAY:
“It’s human nature to deny and defend
oneself. Confrontation is not an effective way of getting truthful
information,” said WZ President and CEO Shane Sturman, CFI.
GIST: "Wicklander-Zulawski & Associates, Inc. (WZ),
a world leader in interview and interrogation training services for
federal government agencies, law enforcement organizations and
corporations, announced today the company will no longer offer training
in the controversial Reid Method. WZ has been licensed by John E. Reid and
Associates, Inc., originator and developer of the Reid Method, and had
included this direct, positive interrogation method in their standard
public sector curriculum with WZ’s non-confrontational techniques for
the last 33 years.
WZ Certified Forensic Interviewer (CFI©)
instructors have conducted training for more than 200,000 law
enforcement officers worldwide since the founding of the firm in 1982. Going forward,
WZ
will standardize their core instruction on multiple techniques
including the Participatory Method, Cognitive Interviewing, Fact-Finding
and Selective Interviewing, as well as the popular WZ
Non-Confrontational Method. A major city police department recently
contracted with WZ to teach this exact combination of industry best
practices in seminars for their new detectives. This customized course
was designed to provide progressive, comprehensive training in multiple
non-confrontational interviewing techniques with a focus on obtaining
truthful information and admissions. It will now become WZ’s flagship
seminar for law enforcement. “It’s human nature to deny and defend oneself.
Confrontation is not an effective way of getting truthful information,”
said WZ President and CEO Shane Sturman, CFI. “Rather than primarily
seeking a confession, it’s an important goal for investigators to find
the truth ethically through a respectful, non-confrontational approach.”
Sturman added, “WZ has dedicated instructional blocks to educate
detectives on the causes of false confessions and the risks of utilizing
improper interrogation methods. In future classes, WZ will only discuss
the Reid Method in effort to highlight potential risks posed in
obtaining a false confession, or to illustrate the major advantages of
using the WZ Non-Confrontational Method.” Approximately 29% of DNA exonerations in the
US since 1989 have involved false confessions to the crime. A
combination of factors could cause innocent persons to confess to a
crime they did not commit. Academics have chronicled the commonalities
among these cases and found the suspect is often mentally or
intellectually challenged, interviewed without an attorney or parent,
interrogated for over three hours, or told information about the crime
by the investigators. In addition, the officers in these cases were
often trained in the Reid Technique of Interview and Interrogation.
Although one might argue that the officers misused their training in the
Technique, many courts and law enforcement agencies are moving away
from this confrontational approach to non-confrontational styles. With the availability of DNA evidence, and
with efforts from organizations such as The Innocence Project, there has
been a heightened awareness of the danger of improper use of
interrogation tactics. Wrongful convictions, exonerations and false
confessions have become a more global point of discussion, and
justifiably so. Although the Reid Method can be a useful tool in
obtaining a confession, cases have shown that the improper use of the
method, combined with the intense emotional pressure put on the suspect,
can lead to catastrophic results. The Reid Method has remained
relatively unchanged since the 1970s, and it conflicts with the
progressive nature of how people communicate today. The Reid Method does
not reflect updates in our legal system and does not acknowledge the
availability of scholarly work on the subject. “Because of the possible abuses inherent in
the confrontational Reid style, we believe it is time to move away from
the practices of the 1970s when it was developed,” Sturman concluded.
“While the Reid Method has been successful in solving crimes over the
years, there are serious pitfalls and significant risks associated with
the incorrect application of the technique. WZ will remain a
progressive, evolving organization dedicated to partnering with
academics, attorneys, researchers, corporations, and law enforcement
agencies around the world to ensure the tools we are teaching are
ethical, moral and legally acceptable.”