Monday, October 26, 2026

Melissa Lucio: Major (unwelcome) Development: Texas: The Texas Court of Criminal Appeals has upheld a conviction that can lead to the execution of a grieving mother, even though new evidence contradicts key evidence that was used to convict her, and counts as to whether a crime had even occurred - and the AIM Media Texas Editorial Board shows little spine when considering the terrible decision in a limpid editorial headed, 'Appellate court ruling in Melissa Lucio case won’t change many minds.'


EDITORIAL:"Appellate court ruling in Melissa Lucio case won’t change many minds," published by the AIM Media Texas Editorial Board on September 26, 2026,  in response to the decision of theTexas Court of Criminal Appeals upholding Melissa Lucio's   conviction of murdering her 2-year-old daughter.

PUBLISHER'S NOTE:  This limpid editorial's bottom line is that Melissa Lucio should not be executed because  doubts remain over how she died and whether it was an accident  or abuse for her mother.  The editorial rightly acknowledges  that thousands of people have signed petitions urging that the conviction be overturned, including a March 2022 bipartisan letter signed by 83 members of the Texas House of Representatives to the state Board of Pardons and Paroles, and to Gov. Greg Abbott, urging clemency - and stating that Lucio’s execution would be a miscarriage of justice. However, the editorial falls  far short by not calling for a retrial which would put all of the doubts to rest, and avoid the risk of executing an innocent, grieving  mother -  especially when, as the editorial points out  there is new evidence which, as the editorial points out,  that contradicts  evidence which helped  convict her -  including what prosecutors called a confession from Lucio that she had abused the child and a detective’s statement that only the mother had claimed Mariah had suffered the injuries from a fall down the stairs.  A strong editorial, as opposes to a weasily one, would cry out for the U.S. Supreme Court, to take the case, order a retrial at which the new evidence can be considered, and put the all the doubts to rest.  That should shouldn't be too much to ask for when considering the consequences of leaving her on death row.

Harold Levy: Publisher of The Charles Smith Blog:

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GIST: "Mariah Alvarez was 2 years old when she died from injuries to her head and other parts of her body in February 2007. Had she lived, she would be old enough to have graduated from high school, married and begun her own family.

Instead, doubts remain over how she died and whether it was an accident or abuse from her mother. Melissa Lucio was convicted of murder in July 2008 and sentenced to death. She is the first Hispanic woman ever placed on Texas’ death row; after 18 years she’s still there.

Her case came closer to resolution this week when the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals upheld her conviction.

Her attorneys say they will appeal the case to the U.S. Supreme Court.

That appeal surely has plenty of support. 

Thousands of people have signed petitions urging that the conviction be overturned, including a March 2022 bipartisan letter signed by 83 members of the Texas House of Representatives to the state Board of Pardons and Paroles, and to Gov. Greg Abbott, urging clemency and stating that Lucio’s execution would be a miscarriage of justice.

On April 25, 2022 — two days before Lucio’s scheduled execution, a panel from the appeals court stayed the execution and ordered the trial court to review new evidence.

That evidence included information that contradicted evidence that helped convict her, including what prosecutors called a confession from Lucio that she had abused the child and a detective’s statement that only the mother had claimed Mariah had suffered the injuries from a fall down the stairs.

Trial judge Arturo Nelson and Cameron County District Attorney Luis Saenz, who was not in office at the time of the trial, signed a statement acknowledging that prosecutors had withheld evidence that could have helped the defense, including medical findings that Lucio had emotional and developmental issues that made her susceptible to detectives’ leading interrogation techniques and statements from two of her other children saying they saw the girl fall down the stairs and that Lucio never hit them, even when disciplining them.

Based on that evidence, the statement read, Lucio should not have been convicted. Nelson asserted that Lucio was “actually innocent.”

In addition, the district attorney at the time, Armando Villalobos, who later was convicted of corruption charges unrelated to this case, hired two of Lucio’s defense attorneys to his office, rendering them unable to work on her appeal.

Will the new evidence, and acknowledgement from both the trial judge and the current district attorney that the case was mishandled and they believe Lucio is not guilty, prompt the Supreme Court to accept the case? Are the governor and the board of pardons willing to accept that too many problems exist in this case to justify executing a mother for a crime that so many people familiar with the case now doubt she actually committed?

This week’s ruling isn’t likely to answer the many questions in the case, or change the minds of most people who believe Melissa Lucio’s guilt hasn’t been proven beyond a reasonable doubt.

At the very least, those questions leave too weak a base upon which to carry out her execution."

The editorial can be read at:

https://myrgv.com/alerts-brh/2026/09/26/editorial-appellate-court-ruling-in-melissa-lucio-case-wont-change-many-minds/

PUBLISHER'S NOTE: I am monitoring this case/issue/resource. Keep your eye on the Charles Smith Blog for reports on developments. The Toronto Star, my previous employer for more than twenty incredible years, has put considerable effort into exposing the harm caused by Dr. Charles Smith and his protectors - and into pushing for reform of Ontario's forensic pediatric pathology system. Please send any comments or information on other cases and issues of interest to the readers of this blog to: hlevy15@gmail.com. Harold Levy: Publisher: The Charles Smith Blog. FINAL WORD: (Applicable to all of our wrongful conviction cases): "Whenever there is a wrongful conviction, it exposes errors in our criminal legal system, and we hope that this case — and lessons from it — can prevent future injustices."Lawyer Radha Natarajan: Executive Director: New England Innocence Project; FINAL, FINAL WORD: "Since its inception, the Innocence Project has pushed the criminal legal system to confront and correct the laws and policies that cause and contribute to wrongful convictions. They never shied away from the hard cases — the ones involving eyewitness identifications, confessions, and bite marks. Instead, in the course of presenting scientific evidence of innocence, they've exposed the unreliability of evidence that was, for centuries, deemed untouchable." So true;

Sunday, October 25, 2026

Douglas Carter: Utah: Major (Welcome) Development; He has been released on bail after decades on Utah's death row after DNA shows no match to him CNN (Associated Press_ reports, noting that: "Douglas Stewart Carter was sentenced to death that same year after a jury found him guilty of murdering Eva Olesen, an aunt of the Provo police chief at the time. The state Supreme Court ordered a new trial last year, citing misconduct by investigators. Carter has maintained his innocence and says a signed confession was coerced. No physical evidence linked him to the crime scene, but the jury convicted Carter, a Black man, based on the confession and two witnesses who said he bragged about killing Olesen, who was White."


PASSAGE ONE OF THE DAY: "Douglas Stewart Carter was sentenced to death that same year after a jury found him guilty of murdering Eva Olesen, an aunt of the Provo police chief at the time. The state Supreme Court ordered a new trial last year, citing misconduct by investigators. Carter has maintained his innocence and says a signed confession was coerced. No physical evidence linked him to the crime scene, but the jury convicted Carter, a Black man, based on the confession and two witnesses who said he bragged about killing Olesen, who was White."

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PASSAGE TWO OF THE DAY: "Carter, a Chicago native, had been living with his mother in Utah at the time of Olesen’s killing on February 27, 1985. Court documents indicate the investigation eventually focused on Carter, who was suspected of killing Olesen during a robbery. By that April, Carter had fled Utah believing he was a suspect in an unrelated assault case, according to court documents. He was apprehended that June in Nashville, Tennessee, where Carter signed a confession while under interrogation from a Provo detective. Carter said later that he had given a false confession after being repeatedly threatened by police. He was convicted and sentenced to death after a trial in which the defense called no witnesses. He was again sentenced to death after a 1992 retrial, and courts in Utah rejected numerous appeals from Carter in subsequent years."

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PASSAGE THREE OF THE DAY: "A turning point came in 2011, when the two witnesses at his original trial were tracked down in Mexico. They said they had been told to lie in court and were given cash and gifts by police who told them not to disclose the payments. They also said police and prosecutors threatened them and their son with deportation if they did not implicate Carter."

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PASSAGE FOUR OF THE DAY: "Carter’s defense attorneys have said witnesses saw a white man fleeing the crime scene and an investigator suppressed evidence pointing to other suspects, including the victim’s husband, Orla Olesen. They allege that prosecutors were close to filing charges against the husband, but a Provo police lieutenant asked them not to so he could continue investigating. Carter was identified as a suspect soon after, according to court documents."

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STORY: Man ordered released on bail after decades on Utah’s death row after DNA tests
show no match to him, published by the Salt Lake Tribune, on September 28, 2026. (Associated Press); 

GIST: "A Utah judge has ordered a 71-year-old man to be released on bail after he spent decades on death row for a 1985 killing, despite objections from the victim’s family, after prosecutors said newly analyzed DNA evidence did not match him.

Douglas Stewart Carter was sentenced to death that same year after a jury found him guilty of murdering Eva Olesen, an aunt of the Provo police chief at the time.

The state Supreme Court ordered a new trial last year, citing misconduct by investigators. Carter has maintained his innocence and says a signed confession was coerced.

No physical evidence linked him to the crime scene, but the jury convicted Carter, a Black man, based on the confession and two witnesses who said he bragged about killing Olesen, who was White.

Defense attorney Neal Hamilton said Carter will be placed in an extended stay accommodation near the family of his son, who was adopted by another family as an infant and didn’t learn about the conviction until years later. Carter also will need therapy to deal with his extended incarceration, Hamilton said.

“It’s not just as simple as, ‘Let’s let him go,’” Hamilton said. “He’s being released with 41 years of state-induced trauma and the effect it will have on him is very real.”

Defendant says confession was coerced


Judge Derek Pullan had scheduled a two-month retrial for 2027, but last week Utah County prosecutors withdrew a notice that they intended to seek the death penalty.

The prosecutors said results of a DNA analysis received September 22 exclude Carter as a possible match to blood found on a doorknob and genetic material recovered from the handle of a knife used to stab Olesen, who was also shot.

Utah County prosecutor Erwin Petilos told the judge Monday that reassessing Carter’s bail was “necessary and fair” as the state continues to look at the remaining evidence in the case.

Carter, a Chicago native, had been living with his mother in Utah at the time of Olesen’s killing on February 27, 1985. Court documents indicate the investigation eventually focused on Carter, who was suspected of killing Olesen during a robbery.

By that April, Carter had fled Utah believing he was a suspect in an unrelated assault case, according to court documents. He was apprehended that June in Nashville, Tennessee, where Carter signed a confession while under interrogation from a Provo detective.

Carter said later that he had given a false confession after being repeatedly threatened by police. He was convicted and sentenced to death after a trial in which the defense called no witnesses. He was again sentenced to death after a 1992 retrial, and courts in Utah rejected numerous appeals from Carter in subsequent years.

Key witnesses say police gave them cash and gifts


A turning point came in 2011, when the two witnesses at his original trial were tracked down in Mexico. They said they had been told to lie in court and were given cash and gifts by police who told them not to disclose the payments. They also said police and prosecutors threatened them and their son with deportation if they did not implicate Carter.

More than a decade of legal wrangling followed before the Utah Supreme Court last year ordered a new trial, citing “multiple instances of intentional misconduct” by police and a prosecutor. A DNA analysis of the evidence was conducted in response to that order and prosecutors said the results arrived last week. They declined Monday to say whether they’re using the DNA evidence to search for other suspects with matching DNA.

Victim’s husband was potential suspect

Carter’s defense attorneys have said witnesses saw a white man fleeing the crime scene and an investigator suppressed evidence pointing to other suspects, including the victim’s husband, Orla Olesen.

They allege that prosecutors were close to filing charges against the husband, but a Provo police lieutenant asked them not to so he could continue investigating. Carter was identified as a suspect soon after, according to court documents.

Orla Olesen, a painting contractor who died in 2009, told police he found his wife dead in their home, partially undressed and with her hands tied behind her back.

Theresa Olesen, a daughter in law of Eva Olesen, said during Monday’s bond hearing that her family had “serious concerns” about Carter’s release. She said he should remain in the Utah County jail, where he was being held pending a new trial.

“By golly we were hoping for a concrete match,” Olesen said of the DNA analysis. “It doesn’t mean he wasn’t there.”

“There are other factors and hopefully the investigation will continue,” she added. “We just want justice for Eva. And if he had any part of it we want that to be known.”"

The entire story can be read at: 


PUBLISHER'S NOTE: I am monitoring this case/issue/resource. Keep your eye on the Charles Smith Blog for reports on developments. The Toronto Star, my previous employer for more than twenty incredible years, has put considerable effort into exposing the harm caused by Dr. Charles Smith and his protectors - and into pushing for reform of Ontario's forensic pediatric pathology system. Please send any comments or information on other cases and issues of interest to the readers of this blog to: hlevy15@gmail.com. Harold Levy: Publisher: The Charles Smith Blog. FINAL WORD: (Applicable to all of our wrongful conviction cases): "Whenever there is a wrongful conviction, it exposes errors in our criminal legal system, and we hope that this case — and lessons from it — can prevent future injustices."Lawyer Radha Natarajan: Executive Director: New England Innocence Project; FINAL, FINAL WORD: "Since its inception, the Innocence Project has pushed the criminal legal system to confront and correct the laws and policies that cause and contribute to wrongful convictions. They never shied away from the hard cases — the ones involving eyewitness identifications, confessions, and bite marks. Instead, in the course of presenting scientific evidence of innocence, they've exposed the unreliability of evidence that was, for centuries, deemed untouchable." So true;

Saturday, October 24, 2026

Toforest Johnson: Major (Welcome) Development: (But he is not yet free and exonerated as he surely must be. HL); His death sentence has been commuted as Governor Ivey cites 'thin' evidence, as Eduardo Medina reports, noting that: "Mr. Johnson’s conviction largely relied on the testimony of a woman, Violet Ellison, who said during his trial that she had heard him confess to the crime during a three-way phone call. Ms. Ellison received a $5,000 reward from the state for her help. That information was not initially disclosed and was revealed to Mr. Johnson’s lawyers two decades later. His lawyers also noted that no physical evidence had ever linked him to the crime. Mr. Johnson’s lawyers say jurors never heard from witnesses who could have corroborated his whereabouts during the crime."



QUOTE OF THE DAY: "Ty Alper, one of Mr. Johnson’s lawyers, said in a statement Tuesday that his team was “grateful to Governor Ivey for diligently reviewing Toforest’s case and taking action to spare an innocent man from execution.” Since the 1970s, more than 75 people have been executed in Alabama, according to the Death Penalty Information Center, which collects data on executions. Only a handful of states have had more executions in that time, including Oklahoma, Texas and Missouri. Mr. Alper said it was up to the courts to overturn Mr. Johnson’s conviction and grant him a new trial. His case is now pending in a county court. “We will keep fighting until he is home with his family,” he said."

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PASSAGE OF THE DAY: "In 2014, Jeff Wallace, who was the lead prosecutor in Mr. Johnson’s case, acknowledged in a court hearing that the case against Mr. Johnson was “not very strong because it depended on the testimony of Violet Ellison,” records show. Six years later, Mr. Wallace announced his support for a new trial for Mr. Johnson. Ms. Ellison had also served as a key witness for the state in other criminal cases around the same time that Mr. Johnson’s case was pending. One resulted in an acquittal, and the other was dismissed before trial. “A thorough review and investigation of the entire case leaves no confidence in the integrity of Johnson’s conviction,” Mr. Carr wrote in a 2024 brief expressing his support for a new trial, noting that “the interest of justice” demanded it. “The foundation of this conviction has disintegrated,” he added."

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PASSAGE TWO OF THE DAY: "Mr. Johnson’s case gained national attention after becoming the subject of a popular podcast released in 2023. Danny Carr, the district attorney in Jefferson County, helped spur a re-examination of the case in 2020 when he voiced concerns about the prosecution and asked for a new trial."

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STORY: "Alabama Man’s Death Sentence Is Commuted as Governor Cites Thin Evidence," by Reporter Eduardo Medina, published by The New York Times, on October 20 2026 on October 20, 2026.  (Eduardo Medina is a Times reporter covering the South. An Alabama native, he is now based in Durham, N.C.)

SUB-HEADING: "Toforest Johnson’s conviction in the 1995 killing of a sheriff’s deputy relied on the testimony of a woman who was paid a $5,000 reward by the state for providing information.

GIST: :Gov. Kay Ivey of Alabama on Tuesday commuted the death sentence of a 53-year-old man convicted in the 1995 killing of a sheriff’s deputy, citing “not enough direct evidence to carry out the most serious punishment.”

It is the third time that Ms. Ivey, a Republican, has commuted the death sentence of a prisoner. Alabama has executed 27 prisoners since she became governor in 2017.

The man whose death sentence was commuted on Tuesday, Toforest Johnson, was convicted of capital murder in 1998 in connection with the killing of William G. Hardy, a deputy in Jefferson County, Ala., who was fatally shot while working a security job at a Birmingham hotel.

Mr. Johnson has maintained his innocence. He said he was at a nightclub on the night of the shooting in July 1995.

Mr. Johnson’s conviction largely relied on the testimony of a woman, Violet Ellison, who said during his trial that she had heard him confess to the crime during a three-way phone call. Ms. Ellison received a $5,000 reward from the state for her help. That information was not initially disclosed and was revealed to Mr. Johnson’s lawyers two decades later. His lawyers also noted that no physical evidence had ever linked him to the crime.

Mr. Johnson’s lawyers say jurors never heard from witnesses who could have corroborated his whereabouts during the crime.

Ms. Ivey said Mr. Johnson would be sentenced to life in prison without the possibility of parole.

“My decision is not a determination of innocence,” Ms. Ivey said, “but a recognition that the circumstances of this case justify commuting his death sentence.”

Ms. Ivey’s decision came weeks after the botched execution of Christa Pike in Tennessee, which renewed debates about the effectiveness of lethal injections and about capital punishment.

Mr. Johnson’s case gained national attention after becoming the subject of a popular podcast released in 2023. Danny Carr, the district attorney in Jefferson County, helped spur a re-examination of the case in 2020 when he voiced concerns about the prosecution and asked for a new trial.

Steve Marshall, the attorney general of Alabama, declined to consider the request. Lawyers in the attorney general’s office wrote in 2022 that “Mr. Carr’s opinion that Johnson should receive a new trial is just that, his opinion.”

In 2024, Mr. Carr released the findings of a post-conviction review, which found several flaws in the investigation and prosecution of Mr. Johnson. For instance, credible witnesses placed Mr. Johnson elsewhere at the time of the killing, the review found, and Mr. Johnson had said he was at Tee’s Place, a nightclub across town.

In 2014, Jeff Wallace, who was the lead prosecutor in Mr. Johnson’s case, acknowledged in a court hearing that the case against Mr. Johnson was “not very strong because it depended on the testimony of Violet Ellison,” records show. Six years later, Mr. Wallace announced his support for a new trial for Mr. Johnson.

Ms. Ellison had also served as a key witness for the state in other criminal cases around the same time that Mr. Johnson’s case was pending. One resulted in an acquittal, and the other was dismissed before trial.

“A thorough review and investigation of the entire case leaves no confidence in the integrity of Johnson’s conviction,” Mr. Carr wrote in a 2024 brief expressing his support for a new trial, noting that “the interest of justice” demanded it.

“The foundation of this conviction has disintegrated,” he added.

Ty Alper, one of Mr. Johnson’s lawyers, said in a statement Tuesday that his team was “grateful to Governor Ivey for diligently reviewing Toforest’s case and taking action to spare an innocent man from execution.”

Since the 1970s, more than 75 people have been executed in Alabama, according to the Death Penalty Information Center, which collects data on executions. Only a handful of states have had more executions in that time, including Oklahoma, Texas and Missouri.

Mr. Alper said it was up to the courts to overturn Mr. Johnson’s conviction and grant him a new trial. His case is now pending in a county court.

“We will keep fighting until he is home with his family,” he said.""

The entire story can be reached at: 


PUBLISHER'S NOTE: I am monitoring this case/issue/resource. Keep your eye on the Charles Smith Blog for reports on developments. The Toronto Star, my previous employer for more than twenty incredible years, has put considerable effort into exposing the harm caused by Dr. Charles Smith and his protectors - and into pushing for reform of Ontario's forensic pediatric pathology system. Please send any comments or information on other cases and issues of interest to the readers of this blog to: hlevy15@gmail.com. Harold Levy: Publisher: The Charles Smith Blog. FINAL WORD: (Applicable to all of our wrongful conviction cases): "Whenever there is a wrongful conviction, it exposes errors in our criminal legal system, and we hope that this case — and lessons from it — can prevent future injustices."Lawyer Radha Natarajan: Executive Director: New England Innocence Project; FINAL, FINAL WORD: "Since its inception, the Innocence Project has pushed the criminal legal system to confront and correct the laws and policies that cause and contribute to wrongful convictions. They never shied away from the hard cases — the ones involving eyewitness identifications, confessions, and bite marks. Instead, in the course of presenting scientific evidence of innocence, they've exposed the unreliability of evidence that was, for centuries, deemed untouchable." So true;

Friday, October 23, 2026

Devin Allen Bennett: Mississippi: Discredited Shaken Baby Syndrome, Death Row and Changing Science: A pathologist Dr. Steven Hayne and Odontologist Dr. Michael West case. (Need I say more?. HL)...Major Welcome Development: "On Wednesday, the Mississippi Supreme Court unanimously allowed him to go to the Rankin County Circuit Court to seek post-conviction relief based on what the court considered newly discovered evidence: recently undermined expert testimony in a California case. The evidence is laid out in a Sept. 14 letter from Bennett’s attorney Krissy Nobile from (sic) the state Office of Capital Post-Conviction Counsel. She wrote to the court about post-conviction relief granted for Jason Harley Moore, a California man who was convicted in 2014 for the death of his infant daughter from abusive head trauma, the updated term for shaken baby syndrome. “Mr. Moore, like Devin Bennett, was accused of child abuse after he sought medical care for his child,” Nobile wrote. “In both cases, the child’s condition followed a short fall from a bed, which was the explanation both men provided, and which treating doctors rejected as insufficient to explain the child’s condition.” (Justice Reporter Mina Carpuz( Mississippi Today) in story headed, "


BACKGROUND:  From a previous post on this Blog: (July 24, 2026): "Two and a half years later, a jury found Bennett guilty of capital murder and felonious child abuse and sentenced him to death. The medical examiners responsible for Brandon's autopsy—doctors Steven Hayne and Michael West, a pathologist and an odontologist who often worked together—presented evidence that the fatal injuries resulted from a kind of nonaccidental trauma that, at the time, was considered a sound medical diagnosis. Their autopsy report, written by Hayne, cited "changes consistent with concurrent shaken baby syndrome." Hayne and West reached this conclusion because the classic "shaken baby syndrome triad"—bleeding around the brain, bleeding behind the eyes, and brain swelling—were evident in Brandon. At the time, the triad was considered solid evidence of shaken baby syndrome. Bennett has been fighting to prove his innocence since 2002."


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PASSAGE OF THE DAY: "Dr. Bonnie Woodall, the pediatrician working in the UMMC emergency room, evaluated Brandon’s injuries and ordered tests. She consulted the chairman of neurosurgery, Dr. Andrew Parent, who also examined the infant. They diagnosed the infant with shaken infant syndrome. Both doctors testified as medical experts at Bennett’s 2003 trial. Prosecutors argued he shook Brandon and threw him on the ground, relying on shaken baby syndrome and the autopsy performed by the late pathologist Dr. Steven Hayne and Dr. Michael West, a Hattiesburg dentist who billed himself as a bite mark expert. Hayne and West have been involved in a number of cases that have been overturned, including other shaken baby syndrome cases and ones with bite mark evidence.   Woodall testified that Brandon’s injuries were consistent with shaken baby syndrome, but also that bruises on the infant could have been from resuscitation and transportation. Similarly, Parent testified that shaken baby syndrome was the most likely diagnosis based on retinal hemorrhages he found in Brandon, a majority of which are associated with shaken baby syndrome. Following testimony, Bennett was convicted and sentenced to death in February 2003."

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PASAGE TWO OF THE DAY: "In appeals and post-conviction, his attorneys have argued that Bennett is “factually innocent” based on changes in scientific consensus about shaken baby syndrome and short fall injuries.  In Moore’s case in California, the court found testimony of the prosecution’s medical witnesses has since been “undermined by scientific developments since trial and, thus, constitutes false evidence[.]” In early September, the California appeals court sent his case back to the trial court for the prosecution to decide whether to re-try or release him.  That case cites how in 2020, the American Academy of Pediatrics acknowledged that “short falls can be fatal and that there is no pattern of injury unique to” abusive head trauma. "

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PASSAGE THREE OF THE DAY: "Nobile listed Moore’s case as one of nine in recent years “emphasizing the scientific unreliability of the (shaken baby syndrome) hypothesis.”  Others in Mississippi have been convicted of murder in shaken baby syndrome deaths, including Tasha Shelby, who is serving life in prison without the possibility of parole for the death of her fiance’s son, and Jeffrey Havard, sentenced to death and later resentenced to life without parole for the death of his girlfriend’s infant daughter. Some of their attorneys have raised issues with the science – or lack thereof – behind the diagnosis of shaken baby syndrome. "

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STORY: "Changing science behind shaken baby syndrome may give death row inmate a reprieve,' by Mississippi Justice Reporter  Reporter Mina Corpuz, published by Mississippi, published on October 1, 2026. (Mina Corpuz is Mississippi Today’s justice reporter, covering criminal justice, courts, and legal issues. She joined the newsroom in 2022 after reporting on public safety at the Clarion Ledger and working for several Massachusetts newspapers. Her work focuses on how systems affect incarcerated and formerly incarcerated people, crime victims, and families. Mina’s reporting has contributed to award-winning coverage of the Jackson water crisis and earned honors from the Women for Progress of Mississippi and the New England Newspaper & Press Association. She lives in Hattiesburg."

GIST: "Mississippi death row inmate Devin Allen Bennett is expected to appeal his 2003 conviction for his infant son’s death linked to shaken baby syndrome.

On Wednesday, the Mississippi Supreme Court unanimously allowed him to go to the Rankin County Circuit Court to seek post-conviction relief based on what the court considered newly discovered evidence: recently undermined expert testimony in a California case.

The evidence is laid out in a Sept. 14 letter from Bennett’s attorney Krissy Nobile from (sic)  the state Office of Capital Post-Conviction Counsel. She wrote to the court about post-conviction relief granted for Jason Harley Moore, a California man who was convicted in 2014 for the death of his infant daughter from abusive head trauma, the updated term for shaken baby syndrome.

“Mr. Moore, like Devin Bennett, was accused of child abuse after he sought medical care for his child,” Nobile wrote. “In both cases, the child’s condition followed a short fall from a bed, which was the explanation both men provided, and which treating doctors rejected as insufficient to explain the child’s condition.”

In August 2000, Bennett was watching his son, Brandon, who Bennett said fell from a carseat and onto the floor, hitting his head and side, according to court records. The child initially appeared stable, his father said, but his breathing later changed and stopped. Bennett told local law enforcement he tried to wake up Brandon and then took him to a hospital. From there, Brandon was transferred to the University of Mississippi Medical Center, where he died.

Dr. Bonnie Woodall, the pediatrician working in the UMMC emergency room, evaluated Brandon’s injuries and ordered tests. She consulted the chairman of neurosurgery, Dr. Andrew Parent, who also examined the infant. They diagnosed the infant with shaken infant syndrome.

Both doctors testified as medical experts at Bennett’s 2003 trial. Prosecutors argued he shook Brandon and threw him on the ground, relying on shaken baby syndrome and the autopsy performed by the late pathologist Dr. Steven Hayne and Dr. Michael West, a Hattiesburg dentist who billed himself as a bite mark expert.

Hayne and West have been involved in a number of cases that have been overturned, including other shaken baby syndrome cases and ones with bite mark evidence.

Woodall testified that Brandon’s injuries were consistent with shaken baby syndrome, but also that bruises on the infant could have been from resuscitation and transportation. Similarly, Parent testified that shaken baby syndrome was the most likely diagnosis based on retinal hemorrhages he found in Brandon, a majority of which are associated with shaken baby syndrome.

Following testimony, Bennett was convicted and sentenced to death in February 2003.

In appeals and post-conviction, his attorneys have argued that Bennett is “factually innocent” based on changes in scientific consensus about shaken baby syndrome and short fall injuries.

In Moore’s case in California, the court found testimony of the prosecution’s medical witnesses has since been “undermined by scientific developments since trial and, thus, constitutes false evidence[.]” In early September, the California appeals court sent his case back to the trial court for the prosecution to decide whether to re-try or release him.

That case cites how in 2020, the American Academy of Pediatrics acknowledged that “short falls can be fatal and that there is no pattern of injury unique to” abusive head trauma.

Nobile listed Moore’s case as one of nine in recent years “emphasizing the scientific unreliability of the (shaken baby syndrome) hypothesis.”

Others in Mississippi have been convicted of murder in shaken baby syndrome deaths, including Tasha Shelby, who is serving life in prison without the possibility of parole for the death of her fiance’s son, and Jeffrey Havard, sentenced to death and later resentenced to life without parole for the death of his girlfriend’s infant daughter. Some of their attorneys have raised issues with the science – or lack thereof – behind the diagnosis of shaken baby syndrome.

Generally, there are time limits to appealing a conviction and people can’t file additional motions raising claims that have already been decided or brought up. The state Supreme Court found exceptions in Bennett’s case when it allowed him to seek post-conviction relief in the trial court."


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Excerpt from letter from Devin Bennett's lawyer to the court, referred to in this post. with a valuable list of  key cases emphasizing the scientific unreliability of the SBS hypothesis......... "The Moore decision is another decision in the long line of key cases recently decided, most notably in 2024, 2025, and 2026, emphasizing the scientific unreliability of the SBS hypothesis. These include:

• State v. Nieves) 302 A.3d 595 (NJ. Super. Ct. App. Div. 2023).

• State v. Butts) No. 22AP-763, 2023 WL 4883377 (Ohio Ct. App. Aug. 1, 2023).

• Ex parte Roark) 707 S.W.3d 157 (Tex. Crim. App. 2024).

• People v. Lemons, 22 N.W.3d 42, 2024 WL 3543728 (Mich.July 25, 2024).

• State v. Joshua Burns) No. 14-22070-FH, Circuit Court for the 44th Judicial Circuit,

Livingston County, State of Michigan, Order to Vacate Conviction and Dismiss Charge

(Nov. 20, 2024).

• Ex parte Robert Leslie Roberson) III; Cause No. WR-63,081-03, 2025 WL 2877824 (Tex.

Crim. App. Oct. 9, 2025).

• Smith v. State, 922 S.E.2d 6, 2025 WL 2918738 (Ga. Oct. 15, 2025) (Smith III) .

• State v. Nieves, 262 N.J. 161, 345 A.3d 1127 (Nov. 20, 2025).

• In re Moore, No. D086215 (Cal. Ct. App. Sept. 8, 2026)


Because the impact of junk science knows no jurisdictional boundary, Bennett properly

filed his petition in 2025. See Smith v. State, 922 S.E.2d 6, 16 (Ga. 2025) (" [A] prudent defendant predicating [a post-conviction] motion on scientific developments would wait until he is confident in the materiality of those developments' before presenting the new evidence to the court. "Bennett now deserves an evidentiary hearing on his post-conviction claims."


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PUBLISHER'S NOTE: I am monitoring this case/issue/resource. Keep your eye on the Charles Smith Blog for reports on developments. The Toronto Star, my previous employer for more than twenty incredible years, has put considerable effort into exposing the harm caused by Dr. Charles Smith and his protectors - and into pushing for reform of Ontario's forensic pediatric pathology system. Please send any comments or information on other cases and issues of interest to the readers of this blog to: hlevy15@gmail.com. Harold Levy: Publisher: The Charles Smith Blog. FINAL WORD: (Applicable to all of our wrongful conviction cases): "Whenever there is a wrongful conviction, it exposes errors in our criminal legal system, and we hope that this case — and lessons from it — can prevent future injustices."Lawyer Radha Natarajan: Executive Director: New England Innocence Project; FINAL, FINAL WORD: "Since its inception, the Innocence Project has pushed the criminal legal system to confront and correct the laws and policies that cause and contribute to wrongful convictions. They never shied away from the hard cases — the ones involving eyewitness identifications, confessions, and bite marks. Instead, in the course of presenting scientific evidence of innocence, they've exposed the unreliability of evidence that was, for centuries, deemed untouchable." So true;


Thursday, October 22, 2026

Seasonal break ended: Back in action! Shaken Baby Syndrome; (Flawed Pathological Evidence); Jennifer Gaskin: Ontario: Wonderful (but long overdue) News: 'A giant leap forward.' She has been totally, unequivocally exonerated by the Ontario Court of Appeal in a decision on her 2002 manslaughter conviction which Lawyer James Lockyer (Innocence Canada) says "may be the beginning of the end of shaken baby syndrome, at least in Canada." Indeed, as the CBC Canadian Broadcasting System reports (Canadian Press Reporter Paola Loriggio), on September 29, 2026: "Jennifer Gaskin pulled her mother into a long and tearful hug after Ontario's top court found that she had been wrongfully convicted of manslaughter in the death of her 2 1/2-month-old son Joeseph based on now-discredited science. On her other side stood her daughter, with whom Gaskin was reunited a day earlier for the first time since they were separated by child welfare services a day after Joeseph's funeral. Outside the downtown Toronto courthouse, Gaskin said she finally felt free after decades branded as a monster. "Now that this is over, I'm hoping that I won't feel like people still look at me that way, because I won't look at myself that way," she said. "Now I'm just going to live my best life." Though it took a long time, the court eventually "made it right," she said."


PUBLISHER'S NOTE: Nota Bene: Here is the  link to the very important Ontario Court of Appeal decision in the Jennifer Gaskin case - which hopefully will help put an end to shaken baby syndrome prosecution in Canada - and now joins landmark decisions in other jurisdictions  (featured in this Blog) which have recognized SBS as BS! (And can be found in this Blog);  As set out at the outset of the decision: " This is another in the sad litany of cases of wrongful convictions based on the discredited “shaken baby syndrome” as the cause of a child’s death brought about, in part, by unreliable expert evidence. Although this was not one of disgraced pathologist Dr. Charles Smith’s, this case took the same flawed approach to the applicable forensic science. This court has set aside convictions in many such cases including R. v. Mullins-Johnson, 2007 ONCA 720, 87 O.R. (3d) 425; R. v. Sherret-Robinson, 2009 ONCA 886; R. v. C.M., 2010 ONCA 690; R. v. C.F., 2010 ONCA 691; R. v. Kumar, 2011 ONCA 120, 268 C.C.C. (3d) 369; R. v. Marquardt, 2011 ONCA 281; R. v. Brant, 2011 ONCA 362; R. v. Shepherd, 2016 ONCA 188; R. v. Blackett, 2018 ONCA 119; and R. v. Doyle, 2023 ONCA 427, 428 C.C.C. (3d) 293.


Harold Levy: Publisher: The Charles Smith Blog;

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QUOTE OF THE DAY: "One of Gaskin's (Innocence Canada)  lawyers, James Lockyer, said the court referring to shaken baby syndrome as discredited science "was really a giant leap forward in the jurisprudence" and will make it easier to argue future cases on the issue. "It was an important day. It may be the beginning of the end of shaken baby syndrome, at least in Ontario, potentially in Canada," he said outside the courthouse. It took a while for Gaskin's challenge to move forward in part because her team was "waiting for the science to change," and because the experts retained to review her case were busy, Lockyer said. At one point, Gaskin moved to a different city without telling her lawyer her new address or phone number, forcing them to deploy a private investigator to find her, he said." (Jennifer Gaskin was also represented on the case by   Toronto  Lawyer Jack Gemmell. HL);

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PASSAGE OF THE DAY: "Gaskin's case is "another in the sad litany of cases of wrongful convictions based on the discredited 'shaken baby syndrome' as the cause of a child's death brought about, in part, by unreliable expert evidence," the Appeal Court said in its ruling. "The fresh evidence shows that Ms. Gaskin's conviction is unsustainable. She is the victim of a miscarriage of justice," Justice Peter Lauwers said. "As this court has stated in similar cases, it bears repeating that it is profoundly regrettable that, because of what has been shown to be flawed pathological evidence, Ms. Gaskin was wrongly convicted."

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PASSAGE TWO OF THE DAY:  'Mother a 'victim of a miscarriage of justice,' judge says.'..."Gaskin's case is "another in the sad litany of cases of wrongful convictions based on the discredited 'shaken baby syndrome' as the cause of a child's death brought about, in part, by unreliable expert evidence," the Appeal Court said in its ruling. "The fresh evidence shows that Ms. Gaskin's conviction is unsustainable. She is the victim of a miscarriage of justice," Justice Peter Lauwers said. "As this court has stated in similar cases, it bears repeating that it is profoundly regrettable that, because of what has been shown to be flawed pathological evidence, Ms. Gaskin was wrongly convicted." Gaskin's case is "another in the sad litany of cases of wrongful convictions based on the discredited 'shaken baby syndrome' as the cause of a child's death brought about, in part, by unreliable expert evidence," the Appeal Court said in its ruling."

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PASSAGE THREE OF THE DAY: "Gaskin was convicted in 2002 after two medical experts testified the child had died as a result of shaken baby syndrome. Significant concerns about that medical evidence emerged years later after a coroner's review found major flaws in the work of Dr. Charles Smith, who conducted more than 1,000 child autopsies during his tenure as the head forensic pathologist at the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto. Significant concerns about that medical evidence emerged after a coroner's review found major flaws in the work of Dr. Charles Smith, who conducted more than 1,000 child autopsies during his tenure as the head forensic pathologist at the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto. (Yan Theoret/CBC) That led the Ontario government to launch an inquiry into pediatric forensic pathology, then a review of shaken-baby cases from the mid-1980s to the mid-2000s. Joeseph's case was eventually examined by an international panel of medical experts. The panel found there was uncertainty regarding the cause of Joeseph's death and the timing of his injuries, court heard. "The fresh evidence shows that Ms. Gaskin's conviction is unsustainable. She is the victim of a miscarriage of justice," Justice Peter Lauwers said. "As this court has stated in similar cases, it bears repeating that it is profoundly regrettable that, because of what has been shown to be flawed pathological evidence, Ms. Gaskin was wrongly convicted."

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STORY: "Woman convicted of killing her baby in 2002 acquitted amid new medical research," published by The CBC (Canadian Broadcasting Association) on September 29,  2026;

SUB-HEADING: "Experts said Jennifer Gaskin's son died of shaken baby syndrome, but new research disputes finding,"

SUB-HEADING: "Jennifer Gaskin was convicted in 2002 in the death of her 2 1/2-month-old son Joeseph after two medical experts testified the child had died as a result of shaken baby syndrome. She was acquitted Tuesday amid new expert testimony."
 
GIST: "An Ontario woman sobbed in court Tuesday as she was acquitted in the death of her infant son after more than two decades labelled as his killer. 

Jennifer Gaskin pulled her mother into a long and tearful hug after Ontario's top court found that she had been wrongfully convicted of manslaughter in the death of her 2 1/2-month-old son Joeseph based on now-discredited science.

On her other side stood her daughter, with whom Gaskin was reunited a day earlier for the first time since they were separated by child welfare services a day after Joeseph's funeral.

Outside the downtown Toronto courthouse, Gaskin said she finally felt free after decades branded as a monster.

"Now that this is over, I'm hoping that I won't feel like people still look at me that way, because I won't look at myself that way," she said. "Now I'm just going to live my best life."

Though it took a long time, the court eventually "made it right," she said.

Mother a 'victim of a miscarriage of justice,' judge says

Gaskin's case is "another in the sad litany of cases of wrongful convictions based on the discredited 'shaken baby syndrome' as the cause of a child's death brought about, in part, by unreliable expert evidence," the Appeal Court said in its ruling.

"The fresh evidence shows that Ms. Gaskin's conviction is unsustainable. She is the victim of a miscarriage of justice," Justice Peter Lauwers said.

"As this court has stated in similar cases, it bears repeating that it is profoundly regrettable that, because of what has been shown to be flawed pathological evidence, Ms. Gaskin was wrongly convicted."

One of Gaskin's lawyers, James Lockyer, said the court referring to shaken baby syndrome as discredited science "was really a giant leap forward in the jurisprudence" and will make it easier to argue future cases on the issue.

"It was an important day. It may be the beginning of the end of shaken baby syndrome, at least in Ontario, potentially in Canada," he said outside the courthouse.

It took a while for Gaskin's challenge to move forward in part because her team was "waiting for the science to change," and because the experts retained to review her case were busy, Lockyer said. At one point, Gaskin moved to a different city without telling her lawyer her new address or phone number, forcing them to deploy a private investigator to find her, he said.
Shaken-baby syndrome 'junk science,' lawyer says

Lockyer said he doesn't know how many other shaken-baby cases there may be, but Innocence Canada, a national organization that aims to help clear people wrongfully convicted of crimes, is working on "more than one."

"It was a hypothesis that was used frequently in courtrooms and it wasn't properly refuted by the defence and people got convicted because of shaken baby syndrome when it never really had any validity," he said, calling it "junk science."

Gaskin was convicted in 2002 after two medical experts testified the child had died as a result of shaken baby syndrome.

Significant concerns about that medical evidence emerged years later after a coroner's review found major flaws in the work of Dr. Charles Smith, who conducted more than 1,000 child autopsies during his tenure as the head forensic pathologist at the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto.

Significant concerns about that medical evidence emerged after a coroner's review found major flaws in the work of Dr. Charles Smith, who conducted more than 1,000 child autopsies during his tenure as the head forensic pathologist at the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto. (Yan Theoret/CBC)

That led the Ontario government to launch an inquiry into pediatric forensic pathology, then a review of shaken-baby cases from the mid-1980s to the mid-2000s. Joeseph's case was eventually examined by an international panel of medical experts.

The panel found there was uncertainty regarding the cause of Joeseph's death and the timing of his injuries, court heard. His head injuries had been mischaracterized as bruising when they were in fact infarcts, or strokes, and it wasn't clear whether they had caused the boy's death, the panel found.

Gaskin's legal team later retained three more experts to look over the file.

Court heard the three experts couldn't rule out the possibility of an inflicted injury, but found Joeseph — a premature baby who spent the first two months of his life in hospital — could also have died from sudden unexpected infant death, previously known as sudden infant death syndrome.
Crown offers 'deepest sympathies' after acquittal

The Crown agreed that the new findings should be admitted as fresh evidence and Gaskin should be acquitted, offering her its "deepest sympathies."

"As of today, the original expert evidence supporting the conviction of the appellant at trial has been wholly undermined and placed in grave doubt," the Crown said in its written submissions.

"The investigation of infant death is complex, involving forensic examination and external and internal dissections — none of which were available at the time of the appellant's conviction."

Gaskin, who served 18 months of her nearly two-year sentence in prison, laid out the impact of her conviction in an affidavit that was read out in court.

"As I have always said, I did nothing to cause Joeseph's death, yet I have been branded as a killer for all these years," she said.

"I could never grieve for Joeseph properly. I lost my other two children ... I did not see them grow up and that has hurt a lot. For 20 years, I missed them and wondered how they were."

Gaskin had not yet been convicted when her children, a daughter roughly a year older than Joeseph and a son born while she was on bail, were taken by child welfare services, she said outside court Tuesday. She didn't have the chance to hold her son after he was born, she said.

They got in touch recently through social media and Gaskin met her daughter Monday at the hotel where they were both staying, she said. Her son was set to attend court as well but fell ill and had to turn back, court heard.

While nothing can make up for the time she lost with her children, Gaskin said she looks forward to bonding with them from now on.""

The entire story can be read at:


PUBLISHER'S NOTE: I am monitoring this case/issue/resource. Keep your eye on the Charles Smith Blog for reports on developments. The Toronto Star, my previous employer for more than twenty incredible years, has put considerable effort into exposing the harm caused by Dr. Charles Smith and his protectors - and into pushing for reform of Ontario's forensic pediatric pathology system. Please send any comments or information on other cases and issues of interest to the readers of this blog to: hlevy15@gmail.com. Harold Levy: Publisher: The Charles Smith Blog. FINAL WORD: (Applicable to all of our wrongful conviction cases): "Whenever there is a wrongful conviction, it exposes errors in our criminal legal system, and we hope that this case — and lessons from it — can prevent future injustices."Lawyer Radha Natarajan: Executive Director: New England Innocence Project; FINAL, FINAL WORD: "Since its inception, the Innocence Project has pushed the criminal legal system to confront and correct the laws and policies that cause and contribute to wrongful convictions. They never shied away from the hard cases — the ones involving eyewitness identifications, confessions, and bite marks. Instead, in the course of presenting scientific evidence of innocence, they've exposed the unreliability of evidence that was, for centuries, deemed untouchable." So true;