PUBLISHER'S NOTE: WORDS TO HEED: FROM OUR POST ON KEVIN COOPER'S APPLICATION FOR POST-CONVICTION DNA TESTING; CALIFORNIA: (Applicable wherever a state resists DNA testing): "Blogger/extraordinaire Jeff Gamso's blunt, unequivocal, unforgettable message to the powers that be in California: "JUST TEST THE FUCKING DNA." (Oh yes, Gamso raises, as he does in many of his posts, an important philosophical question: This post is headed: "What is truth, said jesting Pilate."...Says Gamso: "So what's the harm? What, exactly, are they scared of? Don't we want the truth?")
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BACKGROUND: (From a previous post one this Blog): "A judge has set August 21 for a hearing to determine whether Marcellus Williams is innocent of the murder that landed him on death row. What's wrong in this picture? Marcellus, who has been shown to be cleared by new DNA evidence which shows someone else was the killer, is scheduled to die just little over a month later, as Associated Press (Reporter Jim Salter) reports…"Williams, 55, was convicted of first-degree murder in the 1998 stabbing death of Lisha Gayle during a robbery of her suburban St. Louis home. He was hours away from execution in August 2017 when he was given a reprieve after testing unavailable at the time of the killing showed that DNA on the knife matched someone else, not Williams. Questions about DNA evidence prompted St. Louis County Prosecuting Attorney Wesley Bell to file a motion in January to vacate the murder conviction. The new hearing date is in response to Bell’s motion. Meanwhile, Williams is scheduled to be executed Sept. 24 at the state prison in Bonne Terre, Missouri. A 2021 Missouri law allows prosecuting attorneys to file a motion to vacate a conviction if they believe an inmate could be innocent or was otherwise erroneously convicted."
SUB-HEADING: "Below is a statement, in response, from Tricia Rojo Bushnell, one of Marcellus Williams’s attorneys.
GIST: "Today, Attorney General Andrew Bailey of Missouri filed a writ of prohibition asking the Missouri Supreme Court to block the Circuit Court of St. Louis County from hearing the DNA evidence that proves Marcellus Williams’s innocence.
The circuit court had recently scheduled a hearing for August 21 to assess the “clear and convincing evidence” of actual innocence that led Prosecuting Attorney Wesley Bell to move to vacate Mr. Williams’s wrongful conviction and death sentence.
Despite overwhelming evidence of his innocence, Missouri has scheduled Mr. Williams for execution on September 24, 2024.
Below is a statement from Tricia Rojo Bushnell, one of Marcellus Williams’s attorneys followed by case background:
“Instead of using the office’s time and resources to review the merits of Marcellus Williams’s innocence claim, the Attorney General seeks to delay a court from even hearing the evidence until it is too late. Indeed, when the prosecutor filed a motion to vacate Mr. Williams’s conviction in January, the Attorney General told the circuit court it was planning to file an opposition but waited four months—until after an execution date was set—to argue the court cannot hear the case. The evidence could have been heard in those four months. It can still be heard now. Instead of trying to prevent the circuit court from considering the DNA evidence that exonerates Mr. Williams, the Attorney General should join us in this truth-seeking process in Mr. Williams’s case.”
-Tricia Rojo Bushnell, attorney for Marcellus Williams
Background on Marcellus Williams’s Innocence Case
DNA Evidence Proves Marcellus Williams is Innocent and the Prosecuting Attorney Seeks to Vacate His Wrongful Conviction, Yet Missouri has Scheduled His Execution for September 24
Marcellus Williams is scheduled to be executed on September 24 for a crime DNA proves he did not commit. The St. Louis County Prosecuting Attorney reviewed these DNA results and filed a motion to vacate Mr. Williams’s conviction because he believed the DNA results proved by clear and convincing evidence that Mr. Williams did not commit this crime. The circuit court has scheduled a hearing for August 21 to consider the exculpatory evidence and resolve the prosecuting attorney’s motion.
A crime scene covered with forensic evidence contained no link to Mr. Williams
Mr. Williams has been seeking to prove his innocence throughout the 24 years he has spent on Missouri’s death row. On August 11, 1998, Felicia Gayle, a former reporter for the St. Louis Post-Dispatch, was found stabbed to death in her home. The perpetrator left behind considerable forensic evidence, including fingerprints, a bloody shoeprint, hair, and trace DNA on the murder weapon, a knife from Ms. Gayle’s kitchen. None of this forensic evidence matches Mr. Williams.
A case built on snitch witnesses
The case against Mr. Williams turned on the testimony of two unreliable witnesses who were incentivized by promises of leniency in their own pending criminal cases and reward money. The investigation had gone cold when a jail inmate named Henry Cole, a man with a lengthy record, claimed that Mr. Williams confessed to him, while they were both locked up in jail, that he committed the murder. Cole directed police to Laura Asaro, a woman who had briefly dated Mr. Williams and had an extensive record of her own.
Both of these individuals were known fabricators; neither revealed any information that was not either included in media accounts about the case or already known to the police. Their statements were inconsistent with their own prior statements, with each other’s accounts, and with the crime scene evidence, and none of the information they provided could be independently verified. Aside from their testimony, the only evidence connecting Mr. Williams to the crime was a witness who said Mr. Williams sold him a laptop taken from the victim’s home, but the jury did not learn that Mr. Williams told the witness he had received the laptop from Laura Asaro.
New DNA testing confirms Mr. Williams is innocent yet no court has considered that evidence
As he has fought to prove his innocence, Mr. Williams has repeatedly faced imminent execution. To date, no court has given substantive consideration to the evidence exonerating him; the August 21 hearing will be the first time a court engages in that review.
Nine years ago, the Missouri Supreme Court stayed Mr. Williams’s execution and appointed a special master to review DNA testing of potentially exculpatory evidence. This testing showed that Mr. Williams was not the source of male DNA found on the murder weapon.
However, in 2017, after the testing was completed but without conducting a hearing or making any findings based on the outcome of the testing, the appointed special master sent Mr. Williams’s case back to the Missouri Supreme Court. That court, also without considering the DNA testing results, again scheduled Mr. Williams’s execution.
Recognizing that the new evidence raised serious doubts about Mr. Williams’s guilt, on August 22, 2017, mere hours before his execution and after his last meal, then-Governor Eric Greitens stayed the execution and convened a Board of Inquiry to investigate the case. Under Missouri law, the stay was to remain in place until the Board of Inquiry concluded its review and issued a formal report.
Yet in June 2023, while the Board of Inquiry’s review remained ongoing, Governor Mike Parson without warning or notice dissolved the Board without a report or recommendation from the Board. Missouri Attorney General Andrew Bailey then promptly sought a new execution date. Mr. Williams sued Governor Parson because the dissolution of the Board without a report or recommendation violated the law and Mr. Williams’s constitutional rights. The Governor tried to dismiss the lawsuit, but a Cole County civil judge denied that request. The Governor then asked the Missouri Supreme Court to intervene. The Missouri Supreme Court agreed to do so and on June 4, 2024, it dismissed the lawsuit and immediately scheduled Mr. Williams’s execution for September 24, 2024.
The St. Louis County Prosecuting Attorney has concluded that Mr. Williams is actually innocent and moved to vacate his conviction
After the exculpatory DNA evidence was brought to his attention, St. Louis County Prosecuting Attorney Wesley Bell appointed a special prosecutor to review Mr. Williams’s case. The special prosecutor reviewed the findings of three independent DNA experts. All three concluded that Mr. Williams was not the source of male DNA on the weapon, and therefore could not have killed Ms. Gayle. Mr. Williams’s exclusion from the murder weapon is consistent with his exclusion from other forensic evidence collected from the crime scene including a bloody shoeprint and hairs found near the victim’s body.
Recognizing that “new evidence suggests that Mr. Williams is actually innocent” (p.3), in January 2024 the St. Louis County Prosecuting Attorney filed a motion to vacate Mr. Williams’s conviction. The motion explains: “DNA evidence supporting a conclusion that Mr. Williams was not the individual who stabbed Ms. Gayle has never been considered by any court. This never-before-considered evidence, when paired with the relative paucity of other, credible evidence supporting guilt . . . casts inexorable doubt on Mr. Williams’s conviction and sentence.” (p.1) The Prosecuting Attorney urged the circuit court “to begin the process of correcting this manifest injustice by [holding] a hearing on the newfound evidence and the integrity of Mr. Williams’s conviction.” (p.3)
The Missouri Attorney General continues its history of fighting innocence cases
Although the Prosecuting Attorney’s motion remains pending and the law requires the circuit court to hold a hearing on it, as that court recognized, the Missouri Attorney General has taken the position that Mr. Williams’s innocence does not matter, and the Missouri Supreme Court has scheduled his execution.
The Missouri Attorney General’s office has argued in other death penalty cases that even DNA evidence of innocence is not enough to stop an execution. In a 2003 oral argument before the Missouri Supreme Court, Justice Laura Denvir Stith asked Assistant Attorney General Frank Jung, “Are you suggesting … even if we find that Mr. Amrine is actually innocent, he should be executed?” “That is correct, your honor,” Jung replied. The Missouri Supreme Court ultimately disagreed, and Amrine was exonerated. But over 20 years later, the same arguments are still being made.
The Missouri Attorney General’s Office has opposed every innocence case for the last 30 years, including every attempt made by a local prosecutor to overturn a conviction on the basis of innocence, as the St. Louis County Prosecuting Attorney is doing in Mr. Williams’s case. In 2021 and 2023 Kevin Strickland and Lamar Johnson were exonerated despite the Attorney General’s attempts to thwart the prosecutors’ motions to vacate.
Incentivized informants are a leading cause of wrongful convictions
Jailhouse informant testimony like that leading to Mr. Williams’s conviction is one of the leading contributing factors of wrongful convictions nationally, playing a role in 15% of DNA exoneration cases. Eleven of the 54 individuals exonerated in Missouri were convicted with the use of informant testimony.
In capital cases, false testimony from incentivized witnesses is the leading cause of wrongful convictions, with informant testimony present in 49.5% of wrongful convictions since the mid-1970s (Source: Warden, R. 2005. The snitch system: How snitch testimony sent Randy Steidl and other innocent Americans to death row. Center on Wrongful Convictions.)
Racial bias contributed to Mr. Williams’s wrongful conviction
Mr. Williams, a Black man, was wrongfully convicted of murdering a white woman. His jury was comprised of 11 white people and only one Black person. The prosecutor, whose institutional practice of racially discriminatory jury selection has been widely documented, successfully removed six of seven qualified Black prospective jurors with peremptory challenges. A recent study of 400 death-eligible cases in St. Louis County over a 27 year period also revealed racial disparity in the use of the death penalty based upon the race of the victim. Defendants were 3.5 times more likely to receive the death penalty if the victim was white, as in this case, compared to if the victim was Black.
Mr. Williams is devoutly religious and an accomplished poet
During his 24 years in prison, Mr. Williams has devoted much of his time to studying Islam and writing poetry. He serves as the imam for Muslim prisoners at Potosi Correctional Center and is known as Khaliifah. He has an exemplary prison record and is widely respected within the prison community and beyond.
Read more about Marcellus Williams’s case at www.savemarcellus.org or www.marcelluswilliams.org.
The entire release can be read at:
https://innocenceproject.org/ag-asks-missouri-supreme-court-to-block-hearing-on-dna-evidence-marcellus-williams-innocence/
PUBLISHER'S NOTE: I am monitoring this case/issue/resource. Keep your eye on the Charles Smith Blog for reports on developments. The Toronto Star, my previous employer for more than twenty incredible years, has put considerable effort into exposing the harm caused by Dr. Charles Smith and his protectors - and into pushing for reform of Ontario's forensic pediatric pathology system. The Star has a "topic" section which focuses on recent stories related to Dr. Charles Smith. It can be found at: http://www.thestar.com/topic/charlessmith. Information on "The Charles Smith Blog Award"- and its nomination process - can be found at: http://smithforensic.blogspot.com/2011/05/charles-smith-blog-award-nominations.html Please send any comments or information on other cases and issues of interest to the readers of this blog to: hlevy15@gmail.com. Harold Levy: Publisher: The Charles Smith Blog.
SEE BREAKDOWN OF SOME OF THE ON-GOING INTERNATIONAL CASES (OUTSIDE OF THE CONTINENTAL USA) THAT I AM FOLLOWING ON THIS BLOG, AT THE LINK BELOW: HL:
https://www.blogger.com/blog/post/edit/120008354894645705/4704913685758792985
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FINAL WORD: (Applicable to all of our wrongful conviction cases): "Whenever there is a wrongful conviction, it exposes errors in our criminal legal system, and we hope that this case — and lessons from it — can prevent future injustices."
Lawyer Radha Natarajan:
Executive Director: New England Innocence Project;
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FINAL, FINAL WORD: "Since its inception, the Innocence Project has pushed the criminal legal system to confront and correct the laws and policies that cause and contribute to wrongful convictions. They never shied away from the hard cases — the ones involving eyewitness identifications, confessions, and bite marks. Instead, in the course of presenting scientific evidence of innocence, they've exposed the unreliability of evidence that was, for centuries, deemed untouchable." So true!
Christina Swarns: Executive Director: The Innocence Project;
